Описание
Вариант №1
1. Выберите слово или словосочетание, близкое по значению к данному. Номера соответствий внесите в лист ответов.
1. accountant
a) employee
b) financial analyst
c) bookkeeper
2. profit
a) asset
b) revenue
c) loan
3. financial statements
a) financial activities
b) financial reports
c) fiscal note
4. debt
a) assets
b) liabilities
c) shares
5. corporation
a) public company
b) partnership
c) small private company
2. Выберите русское слово или словосочетание, соответствующее английскому. Номера соответствий внесите в лист ответов.
6. cash flow statement
a) бухгалтерский баланс
b) отчёт о прибыли и убытках
c) отчёт о движении денежных средств
7. indicator
a) количество
b) сумма
c) показатель
8. decline
a) спад
b) подъём
c) изменение
9. invoice
a) уведомление
b) счёт-фактура
c) вознаграждение
10. income tax
a) налог на имущество
b) налог на добавленную стоимость
c) подоходный налог
3. Выберите английское слово или словосочетание, соответствующее русскому.
Номера соответствий внесите в лист ответов.
11. прибыль до налогообложения
a) net profit
b) gross profit
c) before-tax profit
12. покупать
a) supply
b) manufacture
c) acquire
13. акции
a) debt
b) stock
c) bond
14. недвижимость
a) real estate
b) industry
c) buildings
15. активы
a) buildings
b) assets
c) utilities
4. Соотнесите слово и его объяснение на английском языке. Внесите букву, обозначающую правильный вариант, в лист ответов.
16.инвестировать
17. процент
18. долг
19. банкнота
20. снимать деньги со счета
a) piece of paper money
b) money owed by one person to another
c) take money from a bank account
d) to put money for profit into business, land
e) money paid for borrowing or investing money
5.Соотнесите выражения и их объяснения. Внесите букву, обозначающую правильный вариант, в лист ответов.
21. to contribute
22. grant
23. variable cost
24. fixed cost
25. rating agencies
a) cost that stays the same in the short run regardless of the level of output or action taken.
b) to give money
c) cost that varies with the level of output or action taken.
d) payment of money from one entity to another for a specified purpose, activity or facility
e) firms that evaluate the likelihood bonds or debts will be repaid by assigning ratings to those bonds or debts.
6. Вставьте следующие слова и выражения в текст, приведенный ниже. Внесите букву, обозначающую правильный вариант, в лист ответов.
a)stockholders b)toamassc) tofinance
d) legal entity e) stock ownership
The most complicated form of business organization is the corporation. The corporation is a(an)
26)…… …….. recognized by the state through articles of incorporation. The owners of the
corporation issue stock, entitling them to corporate profits in proportion to their 27) …… …….
The corporation has a life separate and apart from those of the owners; itcan be taxed and sued as
if it were a person. A major advantage of the corporate form is that many individuals — hundreds
or even thousands — can pool their money 28).. …… the firm. Incorporating therefore represents
the easiest way 29).. …… large sums of financing. Also, 30)……. have limited liability,
meaning their liability for the firm’s losses is limited to the value of their stock. A final advantage
of this form is that the corporation has a life of its own, even if ownership of the firm changes
hands.
7. Прочитайте текст и выберите наиболее подходящий ответ для продолжения утверждения из приведенных ниже. Внесите букву, обозначающую правильный вариант, в лист ответов.
31)The main duty of an auditor is
a) to gather and analyze financial data including the payment history of the potential borrower, any liabilities, earnings, and assets.
b) to determine whether financial statements follow generally accepted accounting principles
(GAAP).
c) to verify the accuracy of a taxpayer’s return and specific transactions.
32)The final statement of an audit reportcan
a) be either clean or dirty
b) be impartial
c) be either qualified or unqualified.
33)Internal auditors are employed
a) by third parties
b) by the Securities and Exchange Commission
c) by the company or organization for whom they are performing an audit.
34)The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires
a) all public companies to conduct regular reviews by external auditors, in compliance with official auditing procedures.
b) all public companies to conduct regular reviews by internal auditors, in compliance with
official auditing procedures.
c) audits to verify the accuracy of a taxpayer’s return and specific transactions.
35)A clean audit report means
a) that the auditor has obtained sufficient audit evidence and concludes that misstatements in the
financial statements are both material and pervasive.
b) that the company’s financial records are free from material misstatement and conform to the
guidelines set by GAAP.
c) that the auditor is unable to obtain sufficient audit evidence on which to base the opinion.
1.The term audit usually refers to a financial statement audit. A financial audit is an objective
examination and evaluation of the financial statements of an organization to make sure that the
financial records are a fair and accurate representation of the transactions they claim to represent.
The audit can be conducted internally by employees of the organization or externally by an
outside Certified Public Accountant (CPA) firm. Auditors assess financial operations and ensure
that organizations are run efficiently. They are tasked with tracking cash flow from beginning to
end and verifying that an organization’s funds are properly accounted for.
2.In the case of public companies, the main duty of an auditor is to determine whether financial
statements follow GAAP. To meet this requirement, auditors inspect accounting data, financial
records, and operational aspects of a business and take detailed notes on each step of the process,
known as an audit trail. Once complete, the auditor’s findings are presented in a report that
appears as a preface in financial statements. Separate, private reports may also be issued to
company management and regulatory authorities as well. The SEC demands that the books of
all public companies are regularly examined by external, independent auditors, in compliance
with official auditing procedures. Official procedures are established by the International
Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB).
3.Auditor reports are usually accompanied by an unqualified opinion. These statements confirm
that the company’s financial statements conform to GAAP, without providing judgment or an
interpretation. When an auditor is unable to give an unqualified opinion, they will issue a
qualified opinion, a statement suggesting that the information provided is limited in scope and/or
the company being audited has not maintained GAAP accounting principles. Auditors assure
potential investors that a company’s finances are in order and accurate, as well as provide a clear
picture of a company’s worth to help investors make informed decisions.
4.External Audits. Audits performed by outside parties can be extremely helpful in removing any
bias in reviewing the state of a company’s financials. Financial audits seek to identify if there are
any material misstatements in the financial statements. An unqualified, or clean, auditor’s
opinion provides financial statement users with confidence that the financials are both accurate
and complete. External audits, therefore, allow stakeholders to make better, more informed
decisions related to the company being audited.
5.External auditors follow a set of standards different from that of the company or organization
hiring them to do the work. The biggest difference between an internal and external audit is the
concept of independence of the external auditor. When audits are performed by third parties, the
resulting auditor’s opinion expressed on items being audited (a company’s financials, internal
controls, or a system) can be candid and honest without affecting daily work relationships within
the company.
6.Internal auditors are employed by the company or organization for whom they are performing
an audit, and the resulting audit report is given directly to management and the board of
directors. Consultant auditors, while not employed internally, use the standards of the company
they are auditing as opposed to a separate set of standards. These types of auditors are used when
an organization doesn’t have the in-house resources to audit certain parts of their own operations.
7.The results of the Internal audit are used to make managerial changes and improvements to
internal controls. The purpose of an internal audit is to ensure compliance with laws and
regulations and to help maintain accurate and timely financial reporting and data collection. It
also provides a benefit to management by identifying flaws in internal control or financial
reporting prior to its review by external auditors.
8.The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) also routinely performs audits to verify the accuracy of a
taxpayer’s return and specific transactions. When the IRS audits a person or company, it usually
carries a negative connotation and is seen as evidence of some type of wrongdoing by the
taxpayer. However, being selected for an audit is not necessarily indicative of any wrongdoing.
IRS audit selection is usually made by random statistical formulas that analyze a taxpayer’s
return and compare it to similar returns. A taxpayer may also be selected for an audit if they have
any dealings with another person or company who was found to have tax errors on their audit.
9.There are three possible IRS audit outcomes available: no change to the tax return, a change
that is accepted by the taxpayer, or a change that the taxpayer disagrees with. If the change is
accepted, the taxpayer may owe additional taxes or penalties. If the taxpayer disagrees, there is a
process to follow that may include mediation or an appeal.
10. To sum up, an auditor’s report is a written letter from the auditor containing their opinion on
whether a company’s financial statements comply with generally accepted accounting principles
(GAAP) and are free from material misstatement. The independent and external audit report is
typically published with the company’s annual report. The auditor’s report is important because
banks and creditors require an audit of a company’s financial statements before lending. The
auditor’s report is required to be filed with a public company’s financial statements when
reporting earnings to the SEC.However, an auditor’s report is not an evaluation of whether a
company is a good investment. Also, the audit report is not an analysis of the company’s earnings
performance for the period. Instead, the report is merely a measure of the reliability of the
financial statements.
8. Переведите письменно 1-4, 6-8 абзацы текста.
